Abstract: Agricultural industry agglomeration is one of the important influencing factors of agricultural high-quality development. The relationship between agricultural industry agglomeration and agricultural high-quality development was analyzed in order to contribute to agricultural high-quality development. Based on the agricultural development data of 14 cities and states in Gansu Province from 2012 to 2022, the agricultural industry agglomeration level of each city and state was calculated by using location entropy, and the high agricultural quality level of Gansu Province was measured by entropy weight method from four dimensions: industrial structure adjustment, production efficiency improvement, farmers’ living standard and agricultural green development. Benchmark regression analysis of the effect of agricultural industry agglomeration on high-quality agricultural development. The results showed as follows: First, from the four aspects of high-quality agricultural development, Wuwei City and Zhangye City ranked in the forefront of the province in all aspects, indicating that the agricultural development was relatively balanced with no obvious vulnerability, and they were the pioneers of high-quality agricultural development in the province. Because its economic development role was not in agriculture, Lanzhou City was in a low position in the process of high-quality agricultural development. Second, the level of industrial agglomeration needed to be improved, and there were differences in the high-quality development of agriculture in different regions, and industrial agglomeration had a significant role in promoting the high-quality development of agriculture.