Abstract: Basing on the CD function model and software Eviews, this paper measures and calculates the contribution ratio of agriculturalscientific and technical progress of two poor counties and two non-poor counties in Gansu Province from 20012010.The result indicates thatthe contribution rate of agricultural scientific and technological progress is 54.32 percent in Gansu province from 20012010. Typical poor counties in Anding District and Li country are 51.43 and 42.67, and the non-poor counties of Linze County and Ning County are 55.21 and 54.28. The main reasons for the differences between the poor countries and the non counties are the gap among the natural and productionconditions of agricultural scientific and technologic extension, the level of county economic development, agricultural mechanization leveland the transfer degree of agricultural surplus labor. Aiming at these problems, this paper proposes some countermeasures and suggestions to increase the intensity and strength of the investment in agricultural science and technology, develop the agricultural characteristics ofeconomic in poor areas, emphasis on science and technology training and demonstration.