Abstract: With the party and the governments concern, the poverty alleviation and development work of the bordering area of Yunnan Province has achieved remarkable presentation. When we step into critical period of the Twelfth FiveYear Plan，the work faces the adjustment of ideas. Due to natural environment, economic structure, social environment，penetration of foreign hostile forces，the issue of social security, less of frontier advantage , poverty of these areas is still grim. After deeply analyzing factors and outstanding obstacles, this essay puts forward ideas and countermeasures such as strengthening the industrial structure adjustment, setting the poor recognition system, improving the microcredit, establishing the reforming experimentation area, changing the education system and speeding up the construction of small towns.