Abstract: There is a long history of the vegetabledyes used in Chinese traditional printing and dyeing. The material of vegetable dyes can be obtained widely from the nature and has rich color, among whichthe most common use is indigo. The dyes named indigo is extracted from the blue grass which is widely used in the three Chinese traditional printing anddyeing (the pattern-dye valerian, Jiaxie, wax printing) and formed its unique products of dyeing fabrics. This paper takes Dali Bai tie-dye and radixisatidis for example and analyzes the complementary relationship in printing and dyeing and plant dyestuff between Bai tie-dye and radix isatidis, whichhave different reasons before and after the 20th century when the organic synthetic dyes were extensive used. Before the 20th century, one reason why plant dyestuff is widely used in traditional printing and dyeing is because of the convenience to collect the plant dyestuff and the flexible use of it, the otherreason is that the supplement and demand of vegetable dye are balanced in traditional printing and dyeing industry; After the 20th century, the plant dyestuff is strongly advocated by people because it doesn't pollute the environment. Meanwhile, the plant dyestuff fabrics are benefit to human body healthand the patterns of the fabrics are simple and easy, close to natural aesthetic function. In the long term, a large number of developments and the large scale application of the vegetable dyes will be a hot spot.