Abstract: In the management of human source and capital of enterprise，applying niche theory,considering all of the enterprise as a human species，every human as an individual，with a niche width and overlap to human selection；with niche overlap，separation，differentiation，generalization and specialization to the use of manpower；using niche overlap to optimize the human, niche generalization toscreen human, niche law to adjust the human, and thus continuing to build up human resource and capital mechanism，full of vigor and vitality，full ofcompetition and coordination.