Abstract: This survey in view of the implementation situation ofgrain subsidy policy in Gansu Province, according to the survey about 1051 peasant households, we found that peasant hold high identification on the grainsubsidy policy. Because lack of sufficient propaganda, the content of the policy have not been fully understand by peasant, which restricted the policyeffect. Also, the provide method of planting crops subsidy and agricultural material subsidy use the general preferential system model which causes thepolicy goal ambiguous. The crops of improved seeds subsidy and the type of the farm machinery subsidy are too few；after-sales service and use trainingregard to the farm machinery are insufficient, which are difficult to meet the needs of peasant. Therefore, enhance publicity of subsidies policy and improvethe grant mode of subsidies are needed.