Abstract: The essay takes Farmer Biography which is thefirst translated farming novel published on agriculture newspaper founded by Shanghai Agricultural society as the main research breakthrough point, and usesmutual confirmation of literature and history. It combs carefully the thoughts and path which can improve the agriculture by science and education with thebackground of Western-learning introducing and the agriculture improvement in late Qing Dynasty. Farmer Biography has both agricultural knowledge andliterature interest, so it is important historical materials in modern times of agriculture translation.