Abstract: With industrialization and urbanization advancement, the disputes induced by civil infringement case of water pollution trend to ascent in cross-administrative regions, and social conflicts evoked by this class of disputes attract extraordinary attention. The author holds that the uneconomic circumstances of enterprises, the contradiction between the watershed integrity and administrative division, and the shortcomings in relevant national laws and regulations etc, are the roots of all our problems. Based on The Environmental Protection Act and the successful experience in foreign countries, some countermeasures are identified as: to establish information sharing mechanism of water environment and the emergency of water pollution; to set up determination and assessment mechanism of water pollution accidents; to build coordination mechanism of water pollution accidents; to constitute public supervisory mechanism and public welfare lawsuit mechanism; to form clear judicial mechanism for mediating disputes of Infringement on environment.