Abstract: The development of compulsory education in ethnic minority rural areas in Yunnan Province is related to the heritage of education and National development. However, the level of compulsory education in ethnic minority rural areas in Yunnan is low. In this paper, we explore constraints of the development of compulsory education in ethnic minority rural areas in Yunnan on the basis of the theory of supply and demand. The establishment of a stable teaching force is the key to rural compulsory education of minority areas in Yunnan for the most important factor is the high liquidity of teachers which the study shows.