Abstract: In the process of cognizing and changing the world, Han nationanity spreaded and deepened the cognition of trees, and created the characters with basic structure part “木” to record what was connected with trees. The way of these characters’ making characters and constructing words take on visible feature, and embody the special cognitive way. Mostly, these characters are divided into 2 categories. The characters with basic structure part “木” are the category which Chinese people cognized the things, state and action that were connected with “木”. The way of constructing words of these characters and making characters and the semantic category embody the cognitive way to trees from Han nationality.