Abstract: Ideological poverty is the culprit, thanks to it corrodes long-term efficiency of the poverty alleviation. In order to eliminate poverty primarily and break down the intergenerational transmission of poverty, it is imperative to curry out ideological poverty alleviation. In responsibility ethic context, the reason why ideological poverty generated and spread is that the poor lack the sense of responsibility. The key of ideological poverty alleviation is that the poor build up the consciousness of the subjects, change their ideological concept, build up ambition, optimize cultural environment, give priority to education for the sake of getting rid of ideological poverty in terms of sense of responsibility, ambition, culture and intelligence. Ideological poverty alleviation is the road we must take. It has great period significance for us to understand poverty comprehensively and get rid of poverty thoroughly.