Abstract: Chinese should draw lessons from the Fair Thought in Pre-Qin period today. We can get the following conclusion from the research: In Pre-Qin period, Mohist advocates the equality most strongly, whose premise is hard work and frugal life; Taoism advocates a special equality which turning back to primitive society; Legalists advocates the efficiency most, claiming that battle achievement determines status; Confucian puts forward the fair view adapting with the agricultural society, which advocating both benevolence and the differences of classes. The philosophers' theories have great influence in later ages, but which also meeting insurmountable contradictions. The philosophers' theory should be negated in the modern society inevitably. Learning from ancestor, the construction of fairness will be more effective in China.