Abstract: In order to explore the impact and mechanism of agricultural technological progress on agricultural carbon emission intensity, this paper first made a theoretical analysis of its impact effect and mechanism and set up three hypotheses, and then used the double fixed effect model and the mediating effect model to conduct an empirical analysis based on the panel data of 30 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities from 2009 to 2021. The results showed that, first, the progress of agricultural technology had a significant negative impact on agricultural carbon emission intensity. Second, advances in agricultural technology could reduce the carbon emission intensity of agriculture by reducing the level of agricultural chemistry. Third, advances in agricultural technology could reduce the carbon intensity of agriculture by increasing the level of agricultural output value. This paper verified that, the progress of agricultural technology could reduce the intensity of agricultural carbon emissions, improved the system of influencing factors of agricultural carbon emission intensity, promoted the progress of green agricultural technology, and provided two references for reducing the level of agricultural chemistry and increasing the output value of agricultural science and technology.