Abstract: Africa is one of China’ s important agricultural trading partners. Taking 2007—2018 as the study period, this paper analyzes the trade regional differences and development potential of agricultural products between China and Africa.The research results showed that China has increased agriculture trade with Africa,but only some countries join in it. However, the phenomenon of agglomeration has decreased in recent years. West Africa and Central Africa have the most significant dispersal trend. China usually exports labor-intensive products to Africa, such as tea and aquatic products; and imports land-intensive products from Africa, such as oils and grains. Clearly, there is a disparity of types of agricultural products among different regions.Economic scale and direct investment in Africa were positively related to the volume of agricultural trade between China and Africa, while geographical distance, population size, per capital GDP gap, and exchange rate play a negative role. The potential value of China’ s agricultural trade with Africa is clearly differentiated. In detail, it indicates that there is considerable untapped trade potential between China and South Africa, North Africa, and Central Africa , and China has great trade potential with West Africa and East Africa. We can strengthen investment in Africa, provide Africa with technology of agricultural production and seed , and realize the diversification of the African market, and promote the sustained and stable growth of China-Africa agricultural trade.