Abstract: It is an important part of realizing the modernization of rural social governance to construct the mainstream ideology of villagers full of positive energy, promote the formation of a wide range of social consensus and gather strong rural forces. Through the field research on the current situation of the construction of rural mainstream ideology in rural social governance in Luliang County, based on empirical research and literature research, this paper systematically combs the influence of society, organization, family, individual and other factors on villagers’ cognition and identification of rural mainstream ideology in the process of social governance practice. It is necessary to establish the rural discourse system, improve the public opinion guidance strategy, construct the rural spiritual moral education system, realize the deep integration of the cultivation of rural mainstream ideology and rural social governance, and lay a good public opinion and cultural foundation for the “effective governance” of rural society.