Abstract: Rural construction under the rule of law is the core component of the overall rule of law and the important content of realizing the modernization of national governance. “Failure of the rule of law” causes villagers to despise, question and resist the rule of law, which seriously hinders the process of the construction of the rule of law in rural. The main reasons are the disconnection between the traditional thinking of rule of ceremony and the thinking of rule of law, and the conflict between the local customs and the modern legal norms. In new era, in order to eliminate the obstacles of “failure of the rule of law” , efforts should be made in improving the rural governance system of “three governance” to make up for the lack of single rule of law; constructing the public legal service system to accelerate the cultivation of rural villagers’ legal thinking; carrying out active judicature and humanized rule of law to resolve conflicts between legal norms and civil norms.