Abstract: Taking Huoshan County of Anhui Province, a national ecological county, as an research object. Based on the characteristics of mountain landform, eight factors, including height, slope, aspect, geological disaster, water body, vegetation, road and land use type, are selected as ecological sensitivity evaluation indexes from natural and human aspects. The study area is divided into four grades: insensitive, low sensitive, moderate sensitive and highly sensitive. Using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to determine the factor weight, and using GIS spatial analysis technology, the spatial distribution map of comprehensive ecological sensitivity in Huoshan County was obtained. The results shows that the overall ecological sensitivity of Huoshan County is relatively high, with moderate sensitivity accounting for 36.66% of the total area of the county, and the highly sensitive area accounted for 18.82% of the total area of the county. The same as the moderately sensitive area, the two are concentrated in the central and Southern mountainous areas; the low sensitive area accounted for 28.24% of the total county area, evenly distributed in Huoshan County; the non sensitive area accounted for 15.28% of the total county area. They are mainly distributed in the hilly areas with gentle terrain in the north. Finally, on the basis of ecological sensitivity analysis, combined with the current situation of Huoshan County, the corresponding land use strategies are proposed for different sensitive areas, in order to promote the high-quality development of ecological environment in Huoshan County.