Abstract: Precision poverty alleviation is the primary task since the 18^th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Compared with single dimension poverty indicators, multidimensional indicators including family population characteristics, family basic characteristics and village environment characteristics can better reflect the poverty status of rural population. Based on 1300 groups of survey data from field visit and sampling survey, the binary logistic regression model is used to analyze the impact of multidimensional characteristics on poverty alleviation of rural poor households. The results show that: the age of the head of household, the education level of the head of household, working experience, marital status of the head of household, the number of labor force in the family, the health status of family members, the geographical location of the family and the per capita cultivated land area have an important impact on poverty alleviation, which is consistent with the expected hypothesis; the impact of the gender of the head of household, the total population of the family, the number of children in the family and the per capita income of the family on poverty.It has not passed the statistical significance test, which is inconsistent with the expected hypothesis. The main reason is that government policies play an important role in targeted poverty alleviation.