Abstract: Based on the panel data of 20 provinces (autonomous regions) planting corn in China from 2004 to 2018, this paper estimates the technical efficiency of maize production in China by using DEA method, and discusses the influencing factors based on the perspective of land transfer and qualitative comparative analysis. The results showed that there were significant differences in maize production technology efficiency and land transfer degree among regions in China. The degree of land transfer and agricultural machinery service had a significant positive impact on corn production technology efficiency, and the aging rate of rural labor force had a significant negative impact on maize production efficiency. The education level of rural residents, the disaster rate of crops, the degree of employment and the suitability of planting corn have no significant influence on the technical efficiency of corn production. Based on the research conclusion, the paper suggests that the corn production and farmers’ income can be increased by adjusting the planting structure, promoting the revitalization of rural talents, ensuring the land circulation, accelerating the process of agricultural machinery extension, and improving the corn production and farmers’ income.