Abstract: This article takes village D in C city of Hebei Province as a case, using field research method, based on the two dimensions of provide old-age service supply or provide old-age demand, to explore the behavioral orientation and role of government departments, families, markets, as well as community and voluntary departments. We found, government departments mainly supplement the needs of elderly care services through policy welfare funds. However, the rural elderly have a strong sense of savings and a sense of family responsibility, and their use of it to improve the quality of their old-age care is really limited. In addition, households, pension markets and traditional community volunteer departments have weakened and insufficient supply functions in the provision of pension services. Therefore, we propose that while strengthening the gravitational construction of external behaviors, we also need to tap the inherent tension of the behavior of rural pensioners.