Abstract: With the data of 2016 CLDS, this paper adopts the orderly probability model and introduces the intermediary effect model method to study the influence of participating in medical insurance and old-age insurance on the wellbeing of rural labor force. Conclusion : (1) The effect of the core explanatory variables, commercial medical insurance and the new rural social old-age insurance, on the satisfaction of rural labor was significant at the level of 1%. (2) By using the intermediary effect model, we can see that there is intermediary effect between participating in medical treatment, old-age insurance and rural labor force’ s happiness degree and intermediary variable degree.