Abstract: Based on the investigation 762 of questionnaires issued by 52 counties and cities in Anhui province, it was found that there were some problems such as group differences were significant, family support had weakened, relyed heavily on land for pension, lacked of social pension services, rural old-age security system was imperfect and so on. Most of the empty-nesters in Anhui province were concentrated in rural areas. We should Increase the income of the elderly, improve the security system, strengthen policy support to ensure policy implementation, construct a diversified rural old-age service system, clarify the responsibilities of all parties to ensure the quality of old-age care.