Abstract: In the early years of the People’ s Republic of China, under the leadership of the communist party of China (CPC), farmers ’ associations were widely established in the countryside to promote the rural land reform and a series of democratic movements in the form of mass autonomy, which initiated the social reform mode under the rural autonomy of the People ’s Republic of China. It has effectively promoted the overthrow of the feudal system in rural areas, the liberation of the minds of the peasants, the realization of democracy at the rural level, and the propaganda of socialist ideology. In recent years, the study of grassroots governance brought to the attention of the academia, but the research achievements about the peasant association in the early years of the founding of new China is relatively small, mainly concentrated in the rise of causes, the main activities, active role, retirement, etc., the early China peasant association research defined specifications, using historical data, and with the same period of study on the relationship between the farmers organization were lacking.