Abstract: In this paper, the impact of the number of rural surplus labor transfer on the area of local land transfer is studied under the background of the current dual economic structure of urban and rural areas in China. It is expounded that the low degree of land scale, a large number of surplus labor staying in rural areas and unable to give full play to the value of the current situation in rural areas under the influence of dual economy, and the two-stage minimum of instrumental variable method is used second multiplication regression analysis was carried out on the number of rural surplus labor transfer and land transfer area in 17 cities (prefectures, counties and forest regions) of Hubei Province in 2017. The influence of the number of rural transfer labor on the land transfer area was studied under the influence of factors such as the level of education, the situation of training and the environment of going out to work. Finally, according to the analysis results, it was proposed to promote the transfer of rural surplus labor specific suggestions for the transfer.