Abstract: The aging of population and the rural-urban migration make the problem of endowment of rural elderly more and more serious.Through the field investigation, this paper analyses the endowment crisis of the rural poor oldman from the aspects of economic life, power consciousness and social support. Based on the perspective of“person-in-situation”of social work, it explores the main factors leading to the endowment crisis of the rural poor elderly, and advances some suggestions and countermeasures to help the poor oldman to alleviate and solve the endowment crisis, which from the aspects of the idea guidance, empowerment, the rehabilitation of social supporting system, linking resources, policy advocacy.