Abstract: Poverty alleviation has gone through a process from extensive poverty alleviation to precise poverty alleviation in China. However, there are still some deficiencies in analytical methods and perspectives. Especially in the new situation where the basic contradictions in our country have changed, in order to solve the contradiction problem of uneven and insufficient development in various regions, it is more necessary to recognize the subject of poverty alleviation accurately, meanwhile, it is necessary to explore the multidimensional poverty index analysis, and points out that the method of multidimensional analysis and the transformation of the multidimensional perspective are the only way to accurately alleviate poverty through the transformation of the single-dimensional perspective to the multidimensional perspective of the poverty alleviation policy perspective.