Abstract: In recent years, there are still structural problems in the development of maize in China's main producing areas. In this paper, the corn-related data of 17 major production provinces from 2005 to 2017 were used to measure the comprehensive technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency and output of each major production area in 2016, and input relaxation variables were calculated by using superefficiency DEA model. The factors influencing the comprehensive technical efficiency of maize production were regressed by Tobit method. The results are as follows:(1) the overall efficiency of maize production in the main producing areas of China generally shows a downward trend; (2) in 2016 the corresponding efficiency values of Shanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Xinjiang, Sichuan and Guizhou provinces are all reached.Effective to DEA, Jilin, Liaoning, Shandong, Henan, Yunnan, Jiangsu Province, chemical fertilizer and labor costs input excessive; (3) urbanization rate, irrigation rate and urban-rural income ratio can inhibit the improvement of maize comprehensive efficiency, and the cost of machinery, seed price and land cost can promote the improvement of maize comprehensive efficiency. Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions for structural adjustment.