Abstract: Based on the survey data of 7 poverty-stricken counties in Yunnan Province, this paper uses COX proportional hazard model to analyze the impact of family poverty, labor export, personal income and other poverty-alleviation practices on marital stability. The results show that family poverty increases the vulnerability of marriage. The deeper the poverty level, the lower the family income, the worse the marital stability; the influence of personal income on marital stability is a non-linear process. In the low-income stage, income growth can significantly reduce the risk of divorce. In the high-income stage, income growth has a negative impact on marital stability. In the practice of poverty alleviation, the increase of couple's unilateral income leads to the widening of income gap, which leads to the increase of divorce risk. As an important poverty alleviation measure, "labor export" has a negative impact on marital stability while increasing family income. Families with deep poverty are more negatively affected by migrant workers; narrowing the distance between intermarriages and obtaining marriage certificates can effectively reduce the risk of divorce; policy implications:the core of poverty management is to promote family happiness and personal sense of acquisition. In order to improve the effectiveness of poverty alleviation policy and prevent poverty alleviation, family stability and harmony should be taken as indicators and constraints for poverty alleviation, and the choice of poverty alleviation path should be optimized.