Abstract: There have been many studies on the mental health of rural left-behind women. Studies have generally shown that rural left-behind women have worse mental health status than non-left-behind women. The frequency of contacting with husband, education level, physical health, family economic status, family life stress, negative life events, coping style, social support and other factors will affect mental health of rural left-behind women. Based on the study of influencing factors on mental health of rural left-behind women, the author puts forward strategies to improve the mental health of left-behind women in rural areas:promote economic and social development in rural areas, build a nice social support system for rural left-behind women, conduct mental health science popularization in rural areas, optimize the coping styles of rural left-behind women and so on.