Abstract: Poverty eradication is an important part of rural governance, which is not only related to the realization of the goal of China's well-off society in the 2020, but also affects the process of rural governance system construction.In view of this, this paper aims at the common problems of rural governance in Yunnan under the background of poverty eradication. Such as:villagers rarely participate in the process of poverty alleviation; legal consciousness of rural cadres and villagers is weak; and systems of poverty alleviation are not perfect. On this basis, it puts forward the ways to build the mechanism of villagers' participation in the process of poverty alleviation, to enhance the awareness of the rule of law of poverty alleviation among rural cadres and villagers, and to improve the poverty alleviation system.