Abstract: It is a toughest task currently for Chinese government to conquer the bastion of poverty alleviation in deeply poverty-stricken areas so that to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects. This paper based on a long time anthropological field works on Lari Village, a Tibetan nomadic community in the source of the Yangtze River Zhiduo County Yushu Tibetan Prefecture Qinghai, to elaborate the traditional livelihood of the village and its changes, to analyze the poverty situation and its causes, to explore the practice of poverty alleviation by relying on the development of ecological animal husbandry and non-animal husbandry industries since the implementation of various favorable policies of targeted poverty alleviation projects.