Abstract: This article is mainly based on the perspective of equity to analyze the defects of reform method of China's basic health insurance system, the institutional defects of China's urban-rural dual structure, the imperfect basic medical insurance system and the low level of pooling have led to serious inequity in the coverage, funding and benefit level of the basic health insurance system. Based on this, it puts forward by expediting system integration, improving the mechanism of participating in insurance, the financing Mechanism, the security mechanism and raising the level of pooling for basic health insurance system.