Abstract: With the deepening of urbanization in China, significant changes have taken place within the migrant workers' groups and the homogenous group structure of migrant workers has been broken. To use the on-the-spot investigation of migrant workers in Changsha and use their human capital as the carrier and standard to explore the objective facts of the gradation of migrant workers, understand the characteristics of migrant workers at all levels under the difference of human capital, and improve the peasant worker's power in a targeted manner. Capital and promotion of their occupational levels will be better adapted to the needs of the Social economy development of the cities and towns. This will provide certain ideas for effectively solving the difficult problems of peasant workers entering the city without entering the city. Under the condition of understanding the peasant worker's power capital in the field, factor analysis and cluster analysis were used to stratify migrant workers. According to the factor and clustering method, migrant workers can be divided into three types with distinct features. Through field survey and cluster analysis, migrant workers can basically be divided into physical laborers, skilled laborers, and intelligent migrant workers. In order to enhance their human capital and occupational level, individuals, governments, and enterprises should each bear their own responsibilities.