我国茶叶出口的国际竞争力分析

The International Competitiveness of China's Tea Export

  • 摘要: 基于联合国国际贸易数据库和中国海关统计年鉴,运用国际市场占有率、竞争力指数、显性比较优势等指标对中国茶叶出口的国际竞争力进行测算,同时运用引力模型对中国茶叶出口贸易进行实证分析。结果表明,自2014年之后中国茶叶的国际市场占有率均在20%以上,并且呈逐年上升的趋势;竞争力指数、显示性指数均处在较强的竞争力水平;在引力模型中,茶叶产量、进口国的GDP等"引力"指标对我国茶叶出口竞争力具有正向影响;而双方的空间距离、进口国实际汇率等"斥力"指标具有负向影响。因此,增加茶叶产出、优化茶产业结构、强化基础设施是提升中国茶叶国际竞争力的有效途径。

     

    Abstract: Based on the United Nations International Trade Database and China Custom Statistical Yearbook, this paper uses international market share, competitiveness index, and dominant comparative advantages to measure the international competitiveness of China's tea exports, and uses the gravity model to empirically test China's tea export trade. analysis. The results show that since 2014, the international market share of China's tea has been above 20%, and it is increasing year by year; the competitiveness index and the display index are all at a relatively competitive level; in the gravity model, The "gravitational" indicators such as China's tea production and GDP of the importing country have a positive impact on China's tea export competitiveness; while the "repulsive" indicators such as the spatial distance between the two sides and the real exchange rate of the importing country have a negative impact. Therefore, increasing tea output, optimizing the structure of the tea industry, and strengthening infrastructure are effective ways to enhance the international competitiveness of Chinese tea.

     

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