Abstract: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) and Malmquist production Index are used to evaluate the efficiency of agricultural land transfer in 16 cities of Anhui Province from 2011 to 2016, and to optimize it from the angle of input and output redundancy. Research findings:(1) the average comprehensive efficiency of agricultural land transfer in Anhui Province in 2011-2016 is 0.922. Only Hefei, Chizhou and Chizhou have achieved DEA efficiency in 6 years, and the regional's differences are obvious. (2) According to the time series, the overall efficiency of rural land transfer in 16 prefectures has not changed much in the past six years, but increased in the first two years and decreased in the following three years.The improvement of technical efficiency contributes the most to the improvement of Malmquist productivity change index. (3) From the result of input and output redundancy, the fixed capital of Anhui Province has been fixed in the past 6 years. Too much investment and insufficient per capita disposable income of urban residents are the main reasons for the invalidation of DEA. Finally, the paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions from the aspects of the quantity of input, the structure of input and the welfare of farmers, and so on, to improve the efficiency of the circulation of agricultural land cities.