Abstract: Based on the parameter model estimation of grain production in Anhui province, this paper reveals the inherent correlation between the input factors and the technical efficiency of production, and analyzes the factors that affect the efficiency of production technolog, explores the factors that affect the efficiency of technology and their differences. The results show that the actual planting area and the acceptance of skills training have significant influence on the efficiency of farmers' production technology. The labor age, the years of education, the land transfer price and the labor force have no significant effect on the technical efficiency of production. On the basis of this, the paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to control the production and operation scale of farmers, increase the production technology training to farmers, promote the establishment of specialized cooperative organizations, and improve farmland infrastructure construction.