Abstract: Accurate poverty reduction is a major strategic decision of the CPC central committee and the state council. The quality problem of poor farmers is a major problem in China's realization of the precise poverty alleviation. The present situation of the farmers' quality in the perspective of accurate poverty reduction is conservative view and values, low level of science and culture, poor management concept and weak legal consciousness. The reasons for the analysis are the incomplete system of the education system, the lack of agricultural technology promotion and service, the imperfect public cultural construction, and the limitation of natural historical conditions. Five aspects, including accurate optimization of variety education, the precision construction of cultural undertakings, precision building of agricultural technology platform, market consciousness cultivation, perfect government investment,are put forward to offer effective countermeasures for poor farmers' quality promotion.