Abstract: Before the Anti Japanese War, the resources committee belonged to the Kuomintang military commission. During the period of Anti Japanese War, the national government was attached to the ministry of economy. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, it was affiliated to the administrative department of the Kuomintang government. Resources Committee managed the country's heavy industry, handled the national chemical, machinery, electricity, coal, oil, steel and other state-owned enterprises at the time, it was the economic mechanism of the Kuomintang bureaucrat capital. The National Government regarded southwest region of China as a strategically general background area in the period of Anti-Japanese War.Resources Committee of National Government cooperated with the governments of Yunnan province and developed natural resources of background area actively and conducted construction of heavy industry.It made contributions to the victory of Anti-Japanese War and the local economic development.