Abstract: It is an important period to transform economic growth mode, develop innovation-type economy, and build the condition of economic prosperity, people affluence, zoology and social harmony, in western region. Further development of human resources and promotion of population quality is the key whether western area can realize transformation or not, successfully. Through the analysis of the present situation of human resources in the western region, this paper analyzes the theoretical basis and practical significance of the development of human resources, and points out that building superior human resources area is the transformation from the ecological restoration to the ecological accumulation, in western region, at the same time, it is the need to enter the new situation of economic development.