超大城市生态产品价值实现机制与典型模式以北京市生态涵养区为例

Mechanisms and Typical Models for the Value Realization of Ecological Products in Mega-Cities: A Case Study of Beijing’ s Ecological Conservation Zone

  • 摘要: 超大城市作为新型城市共同体,是落实“因地制宜拓展生态产品价值实现渠道”的重要载体。本文构建“城市经济社会系统—生态系统”互嵌分析框架,阐释超大城市生态产品价值实现的内在逻辑和主要机制,并以北京市生态涵养区为例,梳理各类机制结合地方资源形成的典型模式。研究认为,超大城市生态产品价值实现,需要关注经济社会系统和生态系统互嵌形成的生态产品供需错配、功能互补和价值增值问题。生态补偿、生态权属交易、生态产业化、生态金融化是超大城市生态产品价值实现的4种主要机制。进一步地,北京市生态涵养区的模式创新实践显示了超大城市在生态产品价值实现上存在规模优势、资源优势和政策优势,其在量化生态服务价值、明晰产权、产业赋能和金融工具创新方面的经验也为其他超大城市推动生态产品价值实现提供了参考。

     

    Abstract: As a new type of urban community, megacities serve as crucial carriers for implementing the policy of “expanding channels for realizing the value of ecological products in light of local conditions” . The present paper established an inter-embedded analytical framework of “urban socio-economic system and ecosystem” to interpret the inherent logic and primary mechanisms underlying the value realization of ecological products in megacities. Taking Beijing’ s ecological conservation areas as a case study, it summarized typical models formed by the integration of various mechanisms with local resources. The study argued that the value realization of ecological products in megacities needed to address the issues of supply-demand mismatch, functional complementarity and value increment arising from the inter-embedding of socio-economic systems and ecosystems. Ecological compensation, ecological property rights trading, ecological industrialization, and ecological financialization constituted the four major mechanisms for realizing the value of ecological products in megacities. Furthermore, the innovative practices in Beijing’ s ecological conservation areas demonstrated that megacities possessed scale, resource, and policy advantages in realizing the value of ecological products. It’ s experiences in quantifying ecological service values, clarifying property rights, empowering industries, and innovating financial instruments provided a reference for other megacities to promote the value realization of ecological products.

     

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