Abstract: On the basis of the provincial level panel data, this article analyzed the impact of transport infrastructure represented by highways on agricultural green development, the role of agricultural productive services in it, and the regional heterogeneity of the effect. The main conclusions of this article were as follows: (1) Transportation infrastructure had a significant U-shaped impact on agricultural green development, that was, the effect of transport infrastructure first suppressed and then promoted. (2) Transportation infrastructure could affect agricultural green development, an important mediating effect was the U-shaped impact of transportation infrastructure on agricultural productive services. (3) There was regional heterogeneous in this impact, the turning point of this impact would arrive earlier in the non-major grain producing areas, and it would be more significant in the central and western regions of China. According to the conclusion, the corresponding policy suggestions are given.