Abstract: This paper uses micro-survey data from 921 households in the main tea-producing areas of Anhui Province, and employs an ordered Probit model to empirically analyze the impact of contractual relationships on farmers’ green production behaviors, and to test the mechanism of social trust. The research shows that both contractual relationships and social trust have a positive impact on farmers’ green production behaviors. Different dimensions of social trust all promote farmers’ green production behaviors. Social trust has a partial mediating effect in the influence of contractual relationships on farmers’ green production behaviors; both interpersonal trust and institutional trust dimensions exhibit partial mediating effects. Based on this, this paper argues that it is necessary to give full play to the guiding role of new agricultural business entities, enhance the soft constraints of rural trust, build a coordinated mechanism of contract and trust, formulate differentiated development strategies, strengthen farmers’ green production behaviors, and promote the development of green agriculture.