Abstract: Digitization empowering the green transformation of agricultural enterprises is an important manifestation of implementing the new development concept. Based on data from China’ s A-share listed agricultural enterprises from 2010 to 2023, this article empirically tested the impact mechanism and operational mechanism of digitization on the green transformation of agricultural enterprises using a fixed-effects model. The research findings indicated that, digitization significantly promoted the green transformation of agricultural enterprises, with green technological innovation playing a partial mediating role. This conclusion remained valid after a series of robustness and endogeneity tests. Subgroup research revealed that, for eastern regions and non-state-owned agricultural enterprises, the effect of digital transformation on the green transformation of agricultural enterprises was more pronounced.