Abstract: With the development of land marketization, the organized circulation of farmland and the modernization of agricultural management have become important development trends. Based on the survey sample of farmers in northern Anhui in 2023, this study used stochastic frontier analysis to measure the production technology efficiency of farmers and used regression analysis and other methods to analyze how organized circulation affects farmers’ production technology efficiency and its mechanism. The results showed that, organized circulation could significantly improve the production technology efficiency of rural households, and its influencing mechanism was mainly reflected in promoting land integration and land ownership stability. Further heterogeneity analysis showed that, there were differences in the degree of improvement of technical efficiency under the influence of organized circulation among farmers of different sizes and different risk attitudes, and the benefits of farmers with moderate scale and low risk attitude were more obvious. The study provides reference suggestions for policymakers to optimize agricultural support policies and improve agricultural total factor productivity, moderate scale operation should be encouraged, agricultural technology training and promotion should be strengthened, and the market mechanism of land transfer should be improved.