Abstract: The development of new-quality productive forces characterized by green and low-carbon is a necessary way to implement XI Jinping’ s idea of ecological civilization and realize green development of agriculture. As an advanced productivity mode, the new-quality productive forces has given rise to new modes of agriculture, new industries and new kinetic energy, and plays an important role in empowering the green development of agriculture. From the perspective of theoretical logic, the new-quality productive forces through the optimization of factor resource allocation, promote the origin of environmental governance and improve the green supply capacity to empower the green development of agriculture. However, the current promotion of new-quality productivity enabled agricultural green development is faced with the challenges of low resource utilization, insufficient scientific and technological innovation, lack of professionals, and a single industrial structure. Therefore, to empower the green development of agriculture with new quality productivity, it is necessary to strengthen the environmental protection of agricultural resources and realize the efficient use of agricultural resources; promote the green scientific and technological innovation in agriculture and accelerate the transformation of green scientific and technological achievements; accelerate the construction of green talents and cultivate green technology promotion talents; and promote the development of industrial agglomeration and recycling, and build a green and low-carbon industry chain and other aspects of the practice of the path.