Abstract: It is of great significance to explore the coupling and coordination degree between digital economy and agricultural new quality productivity for the coordinated development of regions in China. The data of digital economy and agricultural new quality productivity in 30 provinces from 2013 to 2022 were selected for research. This paper measures the development level and coupling coordination degree of digital economy and agricultural new quality productivity, and analyzes its dynamic changes, regional differences and spatial distribution from 2013 to 2022. The research results show that: (1) The level of coupling and coordination between digital economy and agricultural new quality productivity is constantly improving, and the distribution is concentrated, and there is no polarization trend. The polarization trend gradually appears in the eastern region, the polarization trend is strengthened in the central region, and there is no polarization trend in the western region; (2) Dagum Gini coefficient shows that the overall difference of coupling coordination between digital economy and agricultural new quality productivity in China is gradually narrowing, and the regional difference between east, middle and west is an important source of the overall difference of coupling coordination between digital economy and agricultural new quality productivity in China; (3) Moran index analysis shows that there is a significant spatial spillover effect in the coupling coordination degree between digital economy and agricultural new quality productivity. Based on this, some suggestions are put forward to narrow the development gap between the east and the west, make full use of the spatial spillover effect of highly developed provinces, and promote the coordinated development of digital economy and new agricultural productivity.