Abstract: This article uses survey data from hilly areas in Jiangxi Province to verify whether the transfer of agricultural land management rights can effectively control farmland abandonment, and introduces government intervention variables to observe the heterogeneous impact of agricultural land management rights transfer on farmland abandonment under government intervention. Research has found that the transfer of agricultural land management rights can significantly promote the abandonment of farmland, but heterogeneity analysis results show that government intervention can effectively alleviate this trend; Further analysis reveals that as the degree of rural households going out for work increases, the transfer of their agricultural land management rights will incentivize the abandonment of farmland. Finally, it is suggested to effectively leverage the power of government intervention, including improving agricultural production infrastructure through land consolidation, water conservancy construction, and other means, improving the cultivation conditions of remote plots, and avoiding their fate of abandonment.