Abstract: This paper used data from China’ s Migrants Dynamic Survey to construct a measurement index system for the social mobility of new generation migrant workers. It explored the impact and mechanism of social mobility on citizenization willingness of new generation migrant workers. The study found that, the improvement of social mobility had a significant promoting effect on citizenization willingness of new generation migrant workers. The mechanism testing showed that, the increase in urban identity recognition, increasing in social interaction, and increasing in the degree of family migration were channels for improving citizenization willingness of new generation migrant workers through social mobility. The heterogeneity analysis found that, social mobility had a stronger promoting effect on citizenization willingness of new generation migrant workers within provinces mobility, with residence permits, and without homesteads in their hometowns. This article believed that, in the process of promoting people-centered new urbanization, it was necessary to improving the level of social mobility of new generation migrant workers, and to support the healthy development of new urbanization with the rise of social mobility capabilities of new generation migrant workers.