Abstract: Based on the data of the fourth phase of China Health and Pension Tracking Survey (CHARLS) from 2013 to 2020, the fixed-effect model was used to empirically explore the impact of urban and rural medical insurance pooling on the medical services, medical burden, and health loss of mobile elderly people of the floating elderly. The results showed that:Compared with the new rural cooperative medical care system (NRCMS), the pooling of urban and rural medical insurance increased the number of visits of the mobile elderly, reduced the medical burden of the mobile elderly, and significantly inhibited the cognitive loss of the mobile elderly, but did not have a significant impact on the number of hospitalization and mobility loss. After regression of instrumental variables, it was found that the pooling of urban and rural medical insurance reduced the mobility loss of the mobile elderly to a certain extent. Further analysis showed that: the urban and rural medical insurance pooling had a greater impact on the number of visits and cognitive loss of female migrant elderly, migrant elderly with family care and poor health, and also significantly reduced the number of hospitalization of migrant elderly without family care. Based on this, proposed corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.