Abstract: Agricultural green and high-quality development was of great significance to the practice of facilitating the modernization of agriculture and rural area. This article selected Gansu Province as research region, combined with practice of agriculture, selected indicators from five dimensions: resource conservation and utilization, producing environmental governance, agricultural ecological restoration, green industry development, green science and technology support, constructed agricultural green and high-quality development level evaluation index system, and the entropy method was used to measure agricultural green and high-quality development level in Gansu Province from 2010 to 2022. The results showed that: agricultural green and high-quality development level in Gansu Province was proved to be a overall trend remarkably rising, and different levels of development in different dimensions. Among which dimensions of green science and technology support was good, dimensions of green industry development was better, dimensions of agricultural ecological restoration was medium, dimensions of resource conservation and utilization and producing environmental governance were inferior. Therefore, it was suggested that we should strengthen cultivated land protection, and improve agricultural water use efficiency; prevent and control agricultural non-point source pollution, and purify agricultural habitat environment; strengthen the soil erosion control, and expand space for green land; strengthen financial support for agriculture, and promote energy conservation and carbon reduction in agriculture; deepen agricultural technological innovation, and strengthen agricultural science and technology talent team.